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Question:

how a transformer works for 160kv when it is rated as 125kv?

i m studying about the non linearity in systems and transformer is non linear in nature

Answer:

You will drive the core flux well into the saturation region with a disproportionate increase in iron losses. The magnetising current (which is normally very small) will also increase strongly and disproportionately. The transformer might still function quite well (although with higher harmonic content in the voltage) but especially due to the high iron loss and also because of the increased magnetising current you would have to reduce its rating quite considerably. These are the effects of non-linearity. The higher voltage you would be applying would also place all the transformer insulation under a higher stress, increasing the risk of an internal short or external flashover. You would in minimum have to subject the transformer to a suitably elevated over-voltage test, which it probably wouldn't withstand. This sounds like quite a big transformer and if there is any danger to persons or to neighbouring installations if an accident (explosion, oil spill or fire) were to occur, you, or the responsible person, could easily be facing a negligence or even gross negligence charge for authorising the change!! I definitely wouldn't sign off on that one!!
drop the voltage to the rated value otherwise it will be burnt.

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