For my DC motor, I‘m not quite sure on how to make a commutator.Particularly, what material and how to split it.Oh and does it make difference of what material I use to make the shaft?
it is somewhat nonsensical, because a solid ring will short the circuit, but stretching our imagination, we can say because with a solid ring the direction of the current doesn't change, half way it stops, because now the force at half way is just pulling or pushing the wire up or down and doesn't help turning it.Once again look up Lorentz force and look at a picture of this setup. It is really hard to explain without a picture
Get a piece of copper tube, like the one use for water pipe. Cut half inch length,then cut vertically into three equal pieces to make three commutators for DC motor. Shaft must be made of steel.
This is a very difficult question to answer, because it is not obvious whether we are talking about a cheap, fragile, little demonstration motor or something more substantial. It's also not obvious what tools or facilities you might have available. In general terms: The segments of the commutator must be electrically insulated or separated from each other and from the shaft or spindle, assuming that you are using a metal shaft. The appropriate ends of the rotor windings must be connected to each commutator segment. Usually soldered. Techniques I've seen used include: Building up a thick (1/4) layer of epoxy resin glue on the metal shaft and then epoxy gluing copper segments made out of copper foil or by hammering flat bits of very thick copper wire. Sticking a short length of wood or plastic rod with a hole through the centre on to the shaft, gluing a short length of copper tube on top of that and then cutting the tube into individual segments using a fine hacksaw blade or Dremmel - type tool.
