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Question:

In paper chromatogaphy, why should the level of the sample spot be above the level of solvent in the beaker?

Why is it important to cover the beaker tightly with aluminum foil while the chromatogram is developing?

Answer:

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There are several factors which effect the elution of the various components in paper chromatography such as the solvent, temperature and the rate of solvent flowBy placing the spot above the level of the solvent in the beaker, you slow the flow of solvent which results in improved separation of the components in the spotIf you placed it below the level of the solvent in the beaker, the solvent would just flow at a much faster rate and instead of separating the components in the spot, they would simply be washed awayThe reason for keeping the beaker covered during the elution process is many foldOne reason is to keep the solvent from evaporating before the components in the spot are completely eluted, another reason is to keep other things from getting into your beaker and ruining your projectThen, in the case of highly volatile solvents such as alcohol, it keeps the paper in a saturated vapor atmosphere and keeps it from drying outIt also keeps the vapors in the beaker instead of filling the room with vaporsContainment of the vapors is also a safety consideration
wow that sounds like fun

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