i need some ideas of what material could replace iron or steel to make fridges, stoves, dishwashers, tractors, aircrafts, cars and buses and anything else that is made of iron and steel. anything is greatly appreciated as at the moment i have no idea what to put down.
at first you're able to desire to understand the elementary distinction b/w iron and steel. Iron is an ingredient on a similar time as steel is an alloy made via including an impurity carbon in very small quantity to molten style iron. 2d steel has many advantages over iron as that's immune to rusting style air and moisture, additionally it may desire to be made extra stressful via adjusting carbon content fabric. third Bronze is a steel alloy consisting mostly of copper, generally with tin because of the fact the main additive, yet each and every so often with different aspects such as phosphorus, manganese, aluminum, or silicon. So steel and iron are 2 numerous issues, one is alloy and one is ingredient. And steel and Bronze are 2 diverse alloys. steel of mostly iron and Bronze mostly of Copper. wish it helped...... stay long and prosper!
There are many different appliances, like metal, copper, anything that does not bend or stretch. Be sure to get something that is comprised of a metal element. They conduct heat and electricity much better and shines when you polish them. Anything that is made of a non-metal element is a poor conductor and does not shine when polished.
Iron and steel has, in lots of cases, been replaced by Aluminium and its alloys. Titanium and composite (Carbon reinforced resin) materials are also used where weight saving and non bending strength is required. Many of these types of materials are expensive and as iron ore is readily available it will be some time before it is replaced on a wide basis. Many other materials are not good where higher temperatures are concerned however there is an increasing use of ceramics being used for say stove tops. Hope this helps.
Material selection is a complex area. Iron and steel are very good materials in terms of their strength, stiffness and hardness (especially when compared to their density to give specific strength/stiffness. They are also relatively cheap and the economics of material selection is often the over-riding criteria. Each individual substitution has to be considered on the merits of what the component has to do and the environment in which it operates and often to replace steel with, say, aluminium, might not be appropriate or might require a redesign of the component to accomodate the lower strength and stiffness. Take one of your examples of a dishwasher; To replace the (cheap and thin) steel outer casing with aluminium would require thicker sheet to achieve the same stiffness. To replace the stainless steel inner you would need a corrosion resistant material (which rules out aluminium) which can be easily fabricated to shape. Nickel alloys would be harder to process and very expensive, but you might be able to use a bronze alloy. If you have time look in the library for a book on materials selection by Ashby - one of the best texts on the subject.
