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Question:

Will the magnet accelerate downward with an acceleration equal to free fall?

In a popular lecture demonstration, a cylindrical permanent magnet is dropped down a long aluminum tube as shown in figure 1 belowNeglecting friction of the magnet against the inner walls of the tube and assuming that the tube is very long compared to the size of the magnet, will the magnet accelerate downward with an acceleration equal to g (free fall)? If not, describe the eventual motion of the magnetDoes it matter if the north pole or south pole of the magnet is on the lower side? I know that the magnet will not accelerate with an acceleration equal to free fall, but I am unsure about the other components of this question.

Answer:

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Words in physics (science) should specifically address a given situation so that there may be no wiggle room in terms of understanding As I read this question, the wiggle room found is in the FIRST INSTANT of time ieYes, the magnet will fall with an acceleration equal to g, immediately after being dropped However, following that instant, the interaction between the magnet's field and the counter-magnetic field set up by the eddy currents in the Al tube caused by the falling magnet creates a magnetic force opposite in direction to g This in turn reduces the NET acceleration acting on the falling magnet until the NET force acting on it becomes zeroFrom this instant on, the magnet falls at constant velocity (ΣForces 0) as per Newton's 1st Law i.ethe magnet reaches terminal velocity This happens quickly so that the magnet falls at this constant terminal velocity for most of its journey thru the long Al tube Because the counter magnetic field is simply opposite to that of the magnet's field it doesn't matter which way (N or S pole leading) the poles of the magnet are oriented during the fall.

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