My remington has a 28 inch barrel and was wondering if it would damage my shotgun to shoot steel out of it?
Yes, OK for steel. Like Mr. 357 says, with steel shot one size more open is equal to the one size tighter. So the Modified should shoot like a full choke and your improved cylinder should pattern like a modified choke. The Express model came out about the same time steel shot became prevalent and it is fine with steel shot. If I remember correctly we were working on making the data sheets for steel shot around 1988-1989. My hunting buddy and neighbor was the man who first began importing steel shot. Had to figure out a wad to use with it also. And got it Federally mandated for waterfowl hunting.
That barrel cost 150 dollars for a reason. They are god made to withstand these kind of shots.
I shoot steel out of my 870 express all the time.
If it says on the barrel that it will chamber 3 shells, then it is a MAGNUM barrel. The gun receiver should also have an M suffix at the end of its serial number.