does quarry dust have cements properties?
Ideally what you want to have is a wide range of aggragate sizes for the best concrete, with a good variation in sizes from small to large. It seems to me that if you took the quarry dust and mixed it towther with a latex fortifier and portland cement you could make a good thinset mortar, which would be better suited for thinner applications and small cracks and joints.
It would depend on the type of quarry, limestone powder goes into cement but that is not the only ingredient. Therefore, limestone quarry dust may have some cementitious properties when mixed with water, but will not behave at nearly the capacity of standard cement.