Can I run a 10 gauge 2 wire plus ground from a double pole 30 amp breaker to a dryer that uses 240v? I need to know if the one black wire will be sufficient or if i need to get a 2 hot one neutral wire.
No you need two hot and a neutral your element needs 240 volts.
You can use the 10/3 wire, but you wire it so that the black and the white are hot wires and the ground is the neutral. Of course you won't have the bare ground to use as a ground anymore, so if you want it wired with a bare ground to the cabinet, you will need to run a separate bare ground. Or get different wire with a red a black a white and a bare ground. Red and black will be hot, white will be neutral and bare ground will be ground.
