Patterns for metal casting machinery are typically made using a combination of computer-aided design (CAD) software and traditional machining techniques. The process involves designing the desired shape and dimensions of the pattern using CAD software, which is then converted into a digital file. This file is used to guide the machining equipment, such as CNC mills or lathes, to shape the pattern from a block of material, usually wood or metal. The pattern is then assembled, finished, and coated with a release agent before being used in the metal casting process.