Post-casting treatments in metal casting machinery are typically applied through various processes such as heat treatment, surface finishing, and machining. Heat treatment involves subjecting the metal castings to controlled heating and cooling cycles, which improve their mechanical properties and remove any residual stresses. Surface finishing techniques like grinding, polishing, or coating are employed to enhance the aesthetic appeal and corrosion resistance of the castings. Additionally, machining operations are performed to achieve precise dimensions and smooth surfaces as required by the final product.