How do agricultural plastic products affect soil moisture and fertility?

Agricultural plastic products, such as mulch films and drip irrigation systems, can significantly affect soil moisture and fertility. They help retain soil moisture by reducing evaporation, which is particularly beneficial in arid regions. This moisture retention can lead to increased water-use efficiency and crop yields. Additionally, plastic products can improve soil fertility by aiding in nutrient management. For instance, controlled-release fertilizers can be incorporated with plastic mulch to deliver nutrients directly to the plant roots, enhancing nutrient uptake and reducing nutrient leaching. However, improper disposal or long-term use of plastic products can lead to soil contamination and reduced soil fertility due to the accumulation of microplastics and chemical residues, which can disrupt soil structure and microbial activity. Therefore, the impact of agricultural plastic products on soil moisture and fertility is complex and depends on their management and environmental conditions.