How do agricultural plastic products affect soil quality?

Agricultural plastic products, such as mulch films and greenhouse covers, can have both positive and negative effects on soil quality. Positively, they can help retain soil moisture, increase temperature for crop growth, and suppress weed growth. However, the negative impacts are significant. They contribute to soil degradation by altering soil structure, reducing water infiltration, and impeding gas exchange, which can lead to compaction and reduced aeration. Additionally, the decomposition of plastics releases microplastics and chemicals that can contaminate soil and affect microbial activity, potentially disrupting nutrient cycling and soil fertility. The accumulation of non-degradable plastics can also lead to a physical barrier that hinders root growth and the natural turnover of organic matter in the soil.