a) calcium (Ca)b) fluorine (F)c) aluminum (Al)d) oxygen (0)
That question makes no senseIn one kilogram of what substance?
The mass of an electron is 9.109 X 10^-31 kilograms, so; 1 kg/9.109 X 10^-31 kg 1.1 X 10^30 electrons
I think I know these answersAtoms gain or lose electrons to form a full outer shell, and this is why some elements are less reactive and some are more reactiveCalcium- Loses 2 electrons and becomes Ca+2 Fluorine- Gains one electron and becomes F-1 Aluminium- lose 3 to become Al-3 Oxygen- would gain 2 to become O-2 Now I'm quite sure about these, fluorine in particular is a prime exampleI know these because all atoms have the outer shell structure 2.8.8 of electrons, so say fluorine has 9 electrons, it's atomic structure is 2.7, and it has to gain 1 electron to achieve a full outer shellIt wouldn't lose 7- that would take a lot of energy- and with less outer shells the electrons are closer to the nucleus, meaning there are strong forces between electrons and the atom nucleus, so it can easily gain an electron tooThis is what makes it reactive.The others would follow the same rule- the closest way to getting a full outer shell.
