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Making wind chimes out of copper pipe, determining length needed?

i have to make wind chimes for a physics project, and i thought that the equation was frequency speed of sound/(2 x length). im using 340 m/s for the speed of sound, and also incorporating the diameter (which is 1 inch or 2.54 cm) so the denominator of the equation is now 2(length + 0.8d). using this equation i cut and hung all the pipes for the frequencies i needed, but none of the pipes are in tune to the note they are supposed to be. does anyone know why this happened? i had someone else check my math and it is all right. again, using the equation frequency (340 m/s)/(2(length + 0.8diameter)

Answer:

As others have said, you can do cold-weather camping without using battery-operated blankets. My son did cold-weather camping in sub-zero temps at the annual Valley Forge Encampment last February (he's going again in three weeks), and he and his fellow Scouts layered, layered, layered -- not only their clothing, but also their sleeping bags and their tents. Their troop doesn't have four-season tents, so they made do with their three-season half-dome tents by starting with a tarp on the ground, then a groundcloth (footprint), then the tent. They also had a tarp layered over the tent's rainfly. Inside the tent, they each had two sleeping pads (ThermaRest/CrashPad-type). Some had sleeping bag liners inside their mummy-type sleeping bags and some had two sleeping bags, one inside the other. Some used handwarmer/footwarmers in the bottoms of their bags to help keep their feet warm, and of course, they wore multiple layers, including wicking long underwear, insulated snowpants, long-sleeved non-cotton shirts. They also wore close-fitting stocking-type hats to bed. Hope this helps in addition to what others have said.
I made a chime from 1/2 emt, (electrical metallic tubing) and made each length 3 7/16 longer or shorter than the next size. Used 5 pipes and it has a very nice sound. longest pipe is 5' and each pipe was cut 3 7/16 shorter that the next size
Copper Pipe Wind Chimes
Hello anne c: Winter camping is loads of fun. It is best to avoid artificial means of heat, as when it runs out, you will get cold quickly. Good insulation below you is very important. Buy or borrow a good quality bag and sleeping mat. Cheap is OK in the summer, but deadly in winter. A fleece blanket inside of your sleeping bag (if you sew, you can make a bag liner out of a thrift-store fleece blanket by folding lengthwise and sewing the bottom and up 2/3s of the side). Loose fitting, dry fleece sleeping socks and a night cap are very welcome. I would imagine that you may end up opening up your bag in the middle of the night to cool off 8). Remember to drink plenty of fluids during the day and eat carbs and fats so your body's heater can function properly. Your body gives off as much moisture in the winter as it does in the summer. Wear warm loose fitting clothing of wool or poly rather than cotton. Keep drinking water near you as you sleep, and if you wake up thirsty, you can get a drink without leaving the bag. Remember to visit the restroom just before bed, so that you don't have to get up in the middle of the night, or lay there for hours waiting for the sun to come up. Keep on Scoutin'
You will be better off with out one because you will end up being to warm and the condensation from being to warm will be wicked into your other clothing. My winter camping experiences have been aided by the scouts as well and we would insulate under our tents with pine bows or spruce bows in your case tall grass make a good even pile arch of the bows facing upwards fluff up the snow around the area leave snow intact under bows and grass. After tent is set up pile snow around edges of tent do not pack down. Have a good high quality sleeping bag and a foam pad for further insulation and comfort. Wear a stocking cap when sleeping so you don't lose body heat. that will help keep you warm without overheating. Have fun and watch out for snow snakes.

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