my text book says: chlorine contains 7 valence electrons and gains 1 electron to form a negatively-charged chlorine ionHence its a non-metal.Does this mean that ALL negatively charged non-metals have 8 electrons?also it says, aluminium loses 3 electrons to form a positively charged ionDoes this mean that all positively charged metals have 0 electron? or how many do they haveplease explain the concept a bit to meplease keep it simplethanks.
That would depend on width and length as we'll, not just height, this is a heat emitter not uvb bulband if you will have the fixture straight down or at an angleBut a rough guess would be, 100 80-85f 150 95f it also depends on your room Temperature and if you have any other sources working with themSo my prediction may be extremely wrong or close.
what metals want to do is be balanced with their electronsBy balanced I mean either 8 or 2 on their outer levels depending on the atomSince you are workin in valance of higher ones its easy to think of it this way How can they gain or lose electrons to get that balanceCl has 7 so it only needs one to reach 8 so it picks up one to have 8 since a stable Cl atom has 7 electrons on the outside its charge is 0 whne it picks up another -1 its charge becomes -1 Al has three way out on its outter edge they are easily lost they go wandering off to other atoms like Cl so it loses three of its outter -electrons so thhe Al ion becomes +3 Ion Then don't lose all their electrons jsut the outer onesAl has a total of 13 electrons when in its normal stateIt loses only the outside 3 so it sitll has 10 electrons leftCl has 17 total electrons and it gains only 1 to make 18 total This works to make compounds NaCl Salt The reason it does this is that Cl needs one and Na has one to give off so they link up and form and Ionic compound which is very strong The sodium (Na) gives its outer electron to Chlorine (Cl) Na then has 10 electrons and is happy Cl has 18 and is happyNa has 8 now in its outside edge and so does Cl and all is goodThe - and + come from the fact that a normal atom has equal electrons and protonsAdd electrons you get negative lose electrons you get positive the amount of + or - is equal to the number gained or lost This is a very simple explaination but I hope it helps
