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Question:

The component in the cylinder head that holds a valve in place and prevents the valve stem from moving side?

Is what-valve spring. orvalve guide. orvalve cover. orretainer clip

Answer:

either valve guide or valve seat
valve guide. I assume we are taking about an overhead cam engine? the valve guides are the channel that the valve slides up and down in. And are supposed to prevent it from moving side to side. They are also one of the causes of high oil consumption because when the guides where out the oil simply pours into the cylinder.
Valve stem passes through valve guide in head. The guide sets the side to side, front to back clearance or movement of valve. Then the spring goes over the valve stem and guide. Next a valve seal is placed on valve stem to keep oil from leaking into guide. Then the retainer goes on. It's the O.D of the valve spring, and has a hole in center to fit the valve stem. It slips down over stem, then 2 locks are placed around stem and when you let full pressure back on the spring it pushs tight up against reatiner jamming the locks together and holding everything tight in place
valve guide ase certified.

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