Building hoists utilize several types of lifting mechanisms to efficiently move materials and personnel. The most common types include: 1. Geared Hoists, which use a system of gears to lift and lower loads. 2. Electric Chain Hoists, powered by electric motors and are suitable for heavier loads. 3. Air Hoists, which use compressed air to generate lifting force and are ideal for environments where electricity is a hazard. 4. Manual Chain Hoists, operated by hand and best for lighter loads. 5. Electric Wire Rope Hoists, which offer high lifting capacities and are controlled by electric motors. 6. Pneumatic Hoists, similar to air hoists but use pneumatic power for lifting. Each type has specific applications and safety considerations, making them suitable for different construction needs.