Prochiral carbon atom (prochiral carbon atoms).A company has four completely different carbon atoms or groups of atoms is called chiral carbon atoms. When a carbon atom with two identical and two different atoms or groups of atoms such as Caabe, the carbon atom is called prochiral carbon atom (prochiral carbon) or prochiral center. If the two of the same atom or group of atoms (a, one of the many hydrogen atoms) is a different from a, B, e atom or group of atoms substituted by the D, get a new chiral carbon atoms such as methylene Cabed. ethanol and propionic acid molecules in the carbon atom is prochiral carbon atoms.
If there is already one or more chiral centers in the molecule, the chiral center of the molecule will result in a non enantiomer, for example:The C-2 2- hydroxybutyric acid is chiral, is a chiral molecule.C-3 is connected with the two hydrogen atoms of the same and two not the same group, it is a potential chiral carbon atoms. When a hydrogen atom on the C-3 is a different from the other three atoms or groups (such as OH) instead, it generates a new chiral carbon atom. This new chiral carbon atom has two opposite configuration, and the chiral carbon atoms of the original configuration is the same, so the product is replaced by the diastereoisomers, their output is not equal, is often far away.This is not directly after separation of chiral molecules in latent chiral carbon atoms into chiral carbon atoms, and generate different amounts of stereoisomers called "chiral synthesis" (chiral synthesis), also known as "asymmetric synthesis" (asymmetric synthesis).
With prochiral carbon atoms called prochiral molecules.For potential chiral compounds, can also be used to determine the order of rule configuration. For example, an atom of hydrogen by deuterium methylene propionate (D) replaced, if converted into R configuration, the hydrogen atom is called latent -R (pro-R) hydrogen atoms into S; if the configuration is called latent -S (pro-S the hydrogen atom).For medical workers, prochiral is an important concept. Almost all of the biological chemical reaction is controlled by the enzyme, the enzyme for prochiral molecules not symmetrically reaction, so they are able to identify two identical atoms or atomic groups, because they are chiral compounds. For example two methylene citric acid and only one methylene by enzymes (from rat liver) into carbonyl group.
