All water pump have diferent caracteristics, but it is imposible to overcome a certain hight...what is that hight and why?
It depends on the pump characteristics. It has its suction and discharge head limitations.
More height requires more push (pressure) to achieve it, but over time you will get to a point that the flow is no longer laminar but turbulent and then the motion is very chaotic and very little makes it to the other end, most is lost in friction
The height limit stems from the fact that water exerts a tremendous amount of pressure. If you have enough water, then the pressure will be so large, that no practical amount of force will be large enough to pump water. Not sure what the height is, but I'm sure you can google it. I.E. Maximum absorption height of a water pump
The width of the pipe and the force of the pump both play an important rule. Given you have two pipes of different widths and the same pump, the thin pipe will take up water to a higher height. Plants for example have xylem (tiny water conducting tubes) that allow even the highest leaves to be watered.
If you are talking about the limit on the suction side of a pump then the answer is about 34 feet. This is because due to atmospheric pressure that is all the water can be raised without the portion at the bottom of the column starting to vaporize. 14.7 psia (atmospheric pressure) equals 33.9 feet of water.
