What machinery/tools are need to make custom guns?
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here's a long list of some very expensive machinery gunsmithing lathe wood lathe (lathe for wood) drill press 20 ton press riveter propane torch rifling cutter- a special lathe that only does rifling. for chambers and crowns you use the gunsmithing lathe. bandsaw jigsaw multi-axis mill CNC probably want a 3d printer furnace crucible for casting crimp tool thread tools many kinds of bench vices clamps paint booth bluing tubs electroplating tubs drying ovens belt sander calipers, all kinds of hand tools power drill, power saw, etc dremel tool welder water jet (for cutting metals wood) injection molding, silicon molding, vacuum molding - working with polymers. I wish I had all these at my disposal, I've designed 6 guns that I would love to build. without basic wood shop tools I can't even make a custom stock (a good stock). Still, I managed to make do a few times with my own hobby gunsmithing projects. the work isn't great, but considering I have like no tools its of incredible precision and quality. that like muzzle brake i designed and build for my mosin Nagant. the cutting took 4 months to do (some 300 hours). managed at 0.006 inch accuracy. in comparison, if I had the proper tools it shouldn't take more than an hour. at my school borrowing this 3d printer (wish I could buy one but no way i can afford 384 grand) I printed several prototype actions that shows my ideas but cannot be used as they're made of plastic. I also made several parts for my .22lr rifles that can actually be used. scope mounts, front sight, rear sights, etc.
It depends upon what all you are wanting to do. Just building ARs from stock parts takes some screw drivers, punches, barrel wrench, castle nut wrench, upper and lower blocks and a vise. You would also need a trigger jig for an AR to be able to tune triggers or even make them safe. To take barrels from a blank, you would need a lathe and chamber cutter. To make receivers or other parts from steel, you would need a milling machine. You may also need engraving tools if you plan on engraving any of the guns. A hot bluing tank could come in handy if you want to do any metal work. You should probably have a setup to do phosphate coating too. If you plan on doing any stock work, you would need a good selection of wood working tools. You would also need various jigs, dies and wrenches specifically for each model of firearm that you work on. There is not really any set list since it is so dependent upon what you want to do.
So all in all you are wanting to become a gunsmith/ machinist? I cant type every tool you need there is soo much that it would take hours to type it all. Start off by taking a 24 month gun smithing class. I plan on getting into gunsmithing after high school. Ive looked at a few classes/courses and the one im looking at you must bring in a wood stock blank, an action, and a barrel blank just to name a few parts its a 24 month class and they teach you everything you need to know. While learning how to do this you will also learn what tools are needed to do the job and how to use them. But you arent going to be making and customized gun stores anytime soon.
A custom gunsmith might be willing to take on the project, but it wouldn't come cheap. If you're talking a gun from scratch it would involve significant machining and metalwork. If your design is based on an existing type of firearm that could be modified to suit you less so, but still talking many hundreds if not thousands of dollars. For a completely new design you'd need a gunsmith with a manufacturing license, not just someone who can fix guns, but one authorized to create a new one, and it would have to have a serial number and paperwork. If you're just talking a different stock design you might want to consider doing the work yourself. A wooden stock is easily shaped with hand tools and can be built up with additional wood and glue to make just about any shape you can imagine.