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Question:

which mineral scratches dolomite and is scratched by olivine?

which mineral scratches dolomite and is scratched by olivine?

Answer:

Apatite: Hardness 5 Dolomite has a hardness of 3.5 to 4, while olivine has a hardness of 6.5. Apatite, or any other mineral with a hardness of 5 is what you are looking for
Of the minerals on Moh's scale of hardness, the ones that fit your requirement would be Fluorite H-4, Fluorapatite (formerly called apatite) H-5, and Orthoclase (Feldspar) H-6.

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