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Question:

Which of the materials mentioned below keeps the heat the best?

Hi, we have to make a device that must keep the heat, and the only materials that you are allowed to use is: wood, paper, cardboard, natural fibers, organic granular material, and aluminum foilThe device must work like an ozone layer and keep the heat insidea hot beaker is placed inside, and the device must keep the heat inside the deviceCan anybody list the materials in order, from the most heat keeping to the least heat keeping? Thank you very muchI appreciate it.

Answer:

If you wanted an ozone layer, you'd need something like clear plastic filmThis would let visible light in, but keep infrared from passing through easilyIf you are just wanting to rate the materials in terms of thermal conductivityThe problem with your list is you don't say how thick each isUsually wood and cardboard are quite thick, and a long conduction path reduces heat transfervery roughly organic granular material (like unpacked flour), natural fibers, cardboard, wood, paper, aluminum foil (absolute worst, used in a thermos as a reflector in a vacuum bottle)Reflectors send heat away better and do not radiate heat well, but is very conductive of heatYou will get some contamination of your results, if everything is not heated to the same temperature as the beaker, as some of these materials also store heat (or cold) pretty wellHeat is transferred via: conduction direct physical contact convectiona fluid gets hot and carries away heat radiationmore light is sent from hot to cold than cold to hot, and light carries (is) energy.

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