Who is more familiar with hydraulic piece, teach me! please

Answer:

During world war ii (1941-1945), 30% of American machine tools were applied to hydraulic transmission. It should be pointed out that the development of hydraulic transmission in Japan is more than 20 years later than that of the United States and Europe. In 1955, Japan rapidly developed hydraulic transmission and the "hydraulic industry meeting" was established in 1956. In the past 20-30 years, Japan's hydraulic drive has been developing rapidly, leading the world. Hydraulic transmission has many outstanding advantages, so its application is very extensive, such as regular work. Plastics processing machinery, pressure machinery, machine tools, etc. Construction machinery, construction machinery, agricultural machinery, automobiles etc. Metallurgical machinery, hoisting device and roll adjusting device for steel industry; Flood control gates and levees of civil water conservancy projects, river bed lifting devices and bridge control institutions; Power plant turbine speed adjustment device, nuclear power plant and so on; Ship's deck lifting machinery (winch), bow door, bulkhead valve and stern thruster; A large antenna control device for special technology, measuring buoys, lifting and rotating stages, etc. Military industrial use of artillery control, ship stabilizer, vehicle simulation, landing gear for aircraft landing gear and rudder control device.

Called fluid drive, hydraulic and pneumatic transmission is proposed according to the 17th century PASCAL hydrostatic pressure transmission principle and developed a new technology, in 1795 the British Joseph Braman family (Joseph Braman, 1749-1814), in London with water as working medium, in the form of hydraulic press is applied to industry, gave birth to the world's first hydraulic press. In 1905, the working medium water was changed to oil and further improved. After the first world war (1914-1918), the hydraulic transmission was widely used, especially since 1920. The hydraulic components began to enter the formal industrial production stage in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1925, F.V ikers invented the pressure-balanced vane pump, which laid the foundation for the gradual establishment of modern hydraulic component industry or hydraulic transmission. In the early 20th century, the theory and actual study of the transmission of energy fluctuations by g. Constantimsco; In 1910, the contribution of hydraulic transmission (hydraulic coupling, hydraulic torque converter, etc.) made these two areas of development.

It is composed of two tanks of different sizes filled with water or oil. Water is called "hydraulic press"; Oil filling is called "hydraulic press". Two has a sliding in each cylinder piston, if a certain value of pressure on small piston, according to PASCAL's law, the piston to the pressure by the pressure of the liquid is passed to the piston, the piston top. The cross-sectional area of the small piston is S1, and the downward pressure on the little piston is F1. So, the little piston's pressure on the liquid is P = F1 / SI, Can deliver "size are the same in all directions from a liquid. The piston of the pressure is also equal to P. If the cross-sectional area of the piston is S2, pressure P on the large piston upward pressure generated by the F2 = PxS2 The sectional area is a multiple of the cross-sectional area of the small piston. From the type, add a small force on the small piston, has got a lot of force on the piston, for this hydraulic press is used to suppress plywood, oil, extract weight, forging steel, etc.

A complete hydraulic system consists of five parts: the power component, the execution element, the control element, the non-piece and the hydraulic oil. The power element is used to convert the mechanical energy of the original motive into the liquid pressure energy, which is the oil pump in the hydraulic system, which provides the power to the whole hydraulic system. The hydraulic pump is structured in the form of gear pumps, vane pumps and plunger pumps. The function of the actuator, such as a hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motor, is to convert the pressure of the liquid to the mechanical energy, and the driving load as a straight and reciprocating motion. The control element (i.e., various hydraulic valves) controls and regulates the pressure, flow and direction of the fluid in the hydraulic system. Hydraulic valves can be divided into pressure control valves, flow control valves and directional control valves according to the control function. The pressure control valve is divided into overflow valve (safety valve), relief valve, sequence valve, pressure relay, etc. Flow control valves include throttle valves, adjustment valves, and diverter collector valves; Directional control valves consist of one-way valve, liquid control one-way valve, shuttle valve, reversing valve, etc. According to the control mode, the hydraulic valve can be divided into switch control valve, fixed value control valve and proportional control valve. The auxiliary elements include the oil tank, oil filter, tubing and pipe joint, sealing ring, pressure gauge, oil level oil temperature meter, etc. Hydraulic oil is the medium of the energy transfer energy in hydraulic system, there are various kinds of mineral oil, emulsified liquid and hydraulic oil.

The various elements of hydraulic drive can be arranged conveniently and flexibly according to need. Light weight, small volume, small motion inertia, quick reaction. Control is easy to control, and can achieve wide range of stepless speed adjustment (speed control range of 2000:1). Automatic implementation of overload protection. The use of mineral oil as the working medium is generally used, and the relative motion surface can be lubricated by itself and the service life is long. It's easy to get a straight line It is easy to realize the automation of the machine, which can not only achieve higher degree of automatic control, but also realize remote control.