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Question:

Why would a capacitor start AC induction motor randomly run in different directions?

It is an older motor, but runs well... except that it doesn't always start in the same direction. When I switch it on, it hangs for a second and then starts in either one direction or the other.

Answer:

Either the starting capacitor is worn out, or disconnected, or the centrifugal switch is not working, or the startup winding is open or disconnected. See the image in the source below.
The capacitor is frequently linked between a objective terminal and then the two to stay or independent. bypass away one end of the capacitor at its objective terminal, yet substitute the different end from stay to independent (or vice versa).

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