I am wondering how a boiler works and how the temperature and pressure of the steam are related. Thanks.
The boiler is an enclosed (except for safety valves and the piping leading to wherever the steam is needed) pressure vessel. It may be a single large chamber, but more efficient ones have several individual pipes, so as to maximize the surface to volume ratio. Apply heat and the water inside the boiler (or the individual pipes) is heated to steam Once the water is turned into a gas (steam) then it pretty much follows the gas law, where, for a given fixed volume, increasing temperature would translate to an increase in pressure.
The water in the boiler is heated and is allowed to build up pressure since heating water in a closed vessel will increase the pressure in the vessel. The water in the vessel gets hotter than 100 C as more heat is added and the temperature increases in accordance with Boyle's/ Charle's Law which is (P1 x V1)/T1 = (P2 x V2)/T2 where P1 is the initial pressure, V1 is the initial volume , T1 is the initial temperature and subscript 2 the final. Steam tables have been devised which show the temperature and pressure relationships.
Water boils at 100 deg c at atmospheric pressure.The boiling temperature goes up if it is heated inside a pressure vassal. In m,odern boilers it is again heated in super heaters to attain more temperature First temperature increases with pressure.After certain stage, it can not increase the temperature that is critcal pressure,,Then steam is heated inside tubes to super heat . Read about boils law,Charles law from physics books
