Development prospect of urban biogas
It is estimated that in the United Kingdom, the use of human and animal waste, the methane produced by anaerobic digestion of microorganisms, can replace 25% of the UK's total gas consumption. Scotland has designed a small methane engine that can be used in villages, farms or homes. An American ranch built a factory, is the main structure in alkane fermenting a width of 30 meters, 213 meters long seal pool, it is the task of the farm manure and other organic waste by microorganisms into methane, carbon dioxide and dry fertilizer. The factory daily processing 1650 tons of manure daily, can provide 113 thousand cubic meters of methane for pasture, enough to 10 thousand families. At present, the United States has 24 energy conversion projects using microbial fermentation. From the perspective of the world, the research and application of using various microorganisms to produce methane is in the ascendant stage. In recent years, the biogas industry in China has developed rapidly, and the total number of biogas digesters has reached about 10000000. In Sichuan, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Shanghai and other provinces and cities in rural areas, some places in addition to biogas cooking, lighting, also set up a small biogas power station, the use of biogas energy as power for threshing, processing food, feed and tea, break a new path to solve the problem of rural power in the "soil" approach the. Experts believe that biogas in rural areas in twenty-first Century has been able to become one of the main sources of energy, because it has incomparable characteristics, especially in the vast rural areas of China, these characteristics are even more significant
There are three basic processes in an anaerobic digester:The first phase of the hydrolysis of insoluble organic compounds and polymers, converted into soluble organic matter by enzymatic method.The second stage will be converted into products such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, alcohols and other organic acids fermentation.In the third stage, methane is produced by fermentation of organic acids.
At present, countries around the world have begun to use biogas as fuel and lighting. The use of biogas instead of gasoline, diesel, the effect of the machine is also very good. It has many advantages as rural energy. For example, the construction of an average l of 1.5 square meters of the fermentation tank, firewood and lighting problems can be basically solved throughout the year; people and livestock manure and crop straw and weeds, through fermentation, which generates methane, also can be used as a fertilizer, but also because of a high degree of maturity to make fertilizer higher manure biogas fermentation, the vast majority of parasite eggs were killed, can improve the sanitary conditions in rural areas, reduce the spread of diseases. Now, the application of biogas is spreading in many countries, and the development and utilization of biogas energy has achieved good results.Some developed countries in the world are also conducting large-scale experiments on the anaerobic digestion of farm waste and the production of methane. Automatic chemical plant
