How does a step down transformer decrease the output voltage but increases the output current? And how does the step up transformer does the opposite thing?
that one you have to ask the energy saver I think they have the solution.
Transformers function as electrical gearboxes to give an analogy. The product of current through the winding and voltage across the winding is the same for both the input winding and the output winding, due to conservation of energy. Transformers trade voltage for current, while, if ideal, preserving transferred power. The way a transformer works, is that when there is a changing magnetic field produced by the input winding (due to a derivative of current through this winding) induces a voltage across the output winding, as per Faraday's law of induction. Because of the self-inductance of the input winding, since it is after all an inductor, the voltages across both windings are both in phase. The higher the frequency used, the better and more efficient the transformer works. To make them work at lower frequencies, it is necessary to make bigger overall windings with larger inductance values. The stepping ratio is set by the number of coils of wire in both windings. The number of coils on the output winding divided by the number of coils on the input winding gives the stepping ratio. Should the stepping ratio be greater than 1, it is a step-up transformer. Should the stepping ratio be less than 1, it is a step-down transformer. Should the stepping ratio be equal to 1, it is called an isolating transformer.
