how is iron extracted from its ore.is it cheap or expensive? why?Does iron corrode? What is actually happening when iron is corroding?Why is it used for these purposes? What properties of iron make it ideal to be used in this way?
The commercial way of extraction iron to its metallic form is by the carbothermic reaction of carbon monoxide and the iron ore (haematite) 2 C + O2 → 2 CO 3 CO + Fe2O3 → 2 Fe + 3 CO2 CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3 Note that the iron produced contains carbon and can be reduced to steel. Using this method, the iron produced is really cheap. Why? well, it uses readily available resources (just need to mine it) and coke (burn wood in confined space) and limestone is everywhere (CaCO3). Iron does corrode, quite quickly actually, because of the oxide produced does not bond with the metallic surface therefore further corrosion occurs. Corrosion is just the oxidation of Iron by oxygen in air, and this can be accelerated by moisture ,metal salt, etc. 4Fe+3O2- 2Fe2O3 (rust) Iron is very strong (tensile strength), but is quite easy to shatter, therefore only used in rigid structures with should be used with supporting materials like concrete. Most construction applications are using steel, which is made from iron. Crude iron on itself is quite useless, and is needed to convert to steel.So the real application of crude iron is to make steel. Properties: Strong yet ductile (if without the carbon), cheap and can be made in large quantities.
Iron is extracted from ore by using a blast furnace creating pig iron. Pig iron can be converted into steal or wrought iron in a furnace or converter. Refining iron is relatively cheap especially when compared to refining of aluminium (electrolysis is used) Iron does corrode it is called oxidation (iron and oxygen react) i.e. technical name for rust Iron(III) oxide or Ferric oxide. Iron is used because it is relativity cheap and has a high tensile strength (it’s almost never used in its pure form) its usually alloyed with other metals For more info try a net search on: Metal alloys Steal Ferric oxide or Iron oxide
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