Hello.Can you tell me how cement, concrete and glass is made? And if possible, adding a bit of history into it?
I'll leave you to make glass out of limestone. Most people prefer to use sand. Cement is made by crushing the limestone down into a powder. Concrete gets made from cement mixed with other stuff such as water, sand.
the generic term cement simply means binder or glue; hydraulic cements are those which bind and harden in the presence of water. Early construction cements were usually clays mixed with an aerated volcanic rock called pumice; later mixtures included chalk (a high grade limestone composed of coccolithic (spherical stones) carbonate structures. What we commonly call cement and mostly use in construction and landscaping today is a type of cement called Portland cement, which was accredited to Joseph Aspdin in 1824; a mixture of ground (often low grade, or impure) limestone and clays containing aluminium sulfates. Gypsum (hydrous calcium sulfate) may be added to the mixture if more sulfates are needed. Concrete is an artificial conglomerate (in geology, a conglomerate is a rock made up of often metal-rich stones set in a matrix of sand and fine clays) where the binding matrix is composed of (usually) Portland cement and clean sand, and stones (commonly called gravel or road metal); without the stones, the mixture can be a mortar (used to bed and bind bricks or blocks) or a render (a thick paste used to dress bricks and blocks). Glass is commonly composed of melted quartz sand (silica); limestone is added to the silica to prevent recrystallisation when it cools.
