The principle of solar controller
Principle: solar panels are photovoltaic equipment (the main part of the semiconductor material), it occurs after the light generated by the photoelectric effect of current. Supplement: the role of solar controller: control the work of the entire system state, and the battery played a charge protection, over discharge protection role. In the larger temperature difference, the qualified controller should also have the function of temperature compensation. Other additional functions such as light control switches, time control switches should be optional controller.
The controller is divided into square matrix (series, parallel) and DC-DC conversion (with MPPT and no MPPT). The principle of withdrawal is the controller to detect the voltage of the battery, when the set value to withdraw from the square: parallel type of Chiang out of the square in parallel to the controller on the dummy load; series directly to the square open circuit. DC-DC conversion type: some parameters will be cured to the controller (usually the charging voltage is set to 55.2V), the square output voltage through the converter fixed to the set value to the battery charge; with MPPT with the above function , But also through the internal MPPT module to track the maximum power point of the matrix so that the matrix has been working in the solar cell's maximum operating point.
Solar controller uses high-speed CPU microprocessor and high-precision A / D analog-to-digital converter, is a computer data acquisition and monitoring and control system. It can collect the working data of the PV station in real time, obtain the working information of the PV station at any time, and accumulate the historical data of the PV station in detail, and provide the accurate and reliable evaluation of the reliability of the PV system design and the reliability of the quality of the inspection system Full basis. In addition, the solar controller also has a serial communication data transmission function, can be a number of photovoltaic systems sub-station for centralized management and remote control.
In fact, is a power management. Solar controllers are divided into different types of applications, but are basically controlled by solar charging and battery discharge management.
Solar energy is a kind of radiant energy, it must be by means of energy conversion device can be transformed into electric energy.This kind of radiant energy into energy energy conversion device, is the solar cell.C solar cell is the use of photoelectric conversion principle of the sun's radiation through the semiconductor Material conversion into electrical energy devices, this photoelectric conversion process is often called "photovoltaic effect", solar cells, also known as "photovoltaic cells." When the sunlight to the P, N type two different types of conductive semiconductor Material under the PN junction, under certain conditions, the solar radiation is absorbed by the semiconductor material to form a built-in electrostatic field.If the two sides from the built-in electrostatic field leads to the electrode and connected to the appropriate load, it will form a current, which is The basic principle of solar cells. Monolithic solar cell is a thin piece of semiconductor PN junction. Under standard lighting conditions, the rated output voltage is 0.48V. In order to obtain a higher output voltage and larger capacity, often more than one solar cells connected together , At present, the solar cell photoelectric conversion rate is generally around 15%, individual developed countries, laboratory solar cell photoelectric turn The rate has been able to reach about 30%.
