wat is the effect of em waves on electric circuits?
They can be absorbed electrically in conductive materials and produce current and voltage . They can be absorbed in magnetic materials an produce magnetic fields . They also can rotate electrical dipoles in dielectric materials . High frequency em like X ray and Gama rays can ionize matter and cause free carriers .They can also degrade crystals and degrade electronic components and cause aging . They can be a cause of Noise and aging in electronic systems .
We talk as though the EM wave is from a bomb etc. well it happens a lot,every time it lightening the strike has a lot of current a million or so amps and this will induce voltage into any wire in the vicinity. Most of the people that gets shocked didn't get hit by the lightning but was shocked from the induced voltage. The voltage can be very high and dangerous,stay away from fences and close lines,they are bad. of course any induced voltage is bad for low voltage transistors etc.
an EM wave hitting a wire (rather a loop of wire) can induce a current it the loop. This is the same with a circuit. It can enduce a current, normaly this is a minimal ammount, but the induced current can be amplified (by picking out the resonance) and you can get a clear signal of a em wave of a finite frequency. (this is how a radio works) Or if you have huge EM wave bombard a circut it can over load the transitors and resistors and simply break the elecronics (this is an EM bomb, or as Oceans Eleven called it, a pinch)
