There are all these different types of yarn, but what are they and what is the difference between them? For example: Worsted weight, bulky weight, etcThen there is 4ply and 10ply and many moreThen there is wool, and nylon, and acrylic, and on, and onWhat does all this mean? How do you know what is what? What do you look for on the yarn sleeve? If you no longer have the yarn sleeve, how can you tell what time of yarn it? All the different yarns are very overwhelming and my patterns never turn out to be either way to small or way to bigEven when I check my gauge.
Your chances of removing just one layer of white gloss paint to get to the lower brown paint is pretty slimYour best bet is to strip it down with paint remover and start over or paint another brown coat of paint after a light sandingIf the brown coat is oil base and the white coat is acrylic you may be able to remove the white paint with a solvent that does not melt the oil base paint - and Viceversa.
If your gauge is correct, the size of yarn is immaterialIt is, though, very hard for me to be sure of gaugemake sure you do a LARGE swatchEven so, you may find that once you get working on the project, your tension will changeOnly experience can make your tension very consistentAs far as the jungle of different yarns: plythis is on the yarn labelIt is the width of the strand or literally the weightIf you buy a 6 ounce skein, it weighs 6 ounces on a scaleDon't get too overwhelmed by the numbers, just match the label with your project content just as when you buy clothes, the fiber content will help you determine the wash/wear factorYou don't want a silk sweater to wear when you are pruning trees and digging in the gardenAgain, each label will have washing instructions on itAcrylic is easiest to care for and is hypoallergenic but it doesn't breathe the way natural fibers doWool is comfy to wear but takes more care in washingYou may have to hand wash and then lay flat and block to dryDon't stress too muchYou learn by doing and shoppingPick small projects at first and go with the recommended yarnsMost of us find something we like and tend to gravitate towards projects that it will work forAcrylic is a great beginner yarnIt rips out well and can be reworked many times if necessaryIt's also cheap!