What are the ingredients of glass and plastics?
The glass was originally solidified by acid lava ejected from the volcano. About 3700 BC ago, the ancient Egyptians had made glass ornaments and simple glass ware, only colored glass, about 1000 BC, China made colorless glass. In twelfth Century ad, commercial glass appeared and began to become industrial materials. In eighteenth Century, optical glass was fabricated in order to meet the needs of developing telescopes. In 1873, Belgium first produced flat glass. In 1906, flat glass was produced in the United states. Since then, with the industrialization and large-scale production of glass, various uses and various properties of glass have come out. In modern times, glass has become an important material in daily life, production and science and technology.
The main raw materials for the production process of glass are glass forming bodies, glass adjusting materials and glass intermediates, and the rest are auxiliary raw materials. The main raw materials, intermediate oxide and oxide to network oxides into the glass forming network; auxiliary materials including clarifying agent, fluxing agent, emulsifying agent, coloring agent, bleaching agent, oxidizing agent and reducing agent etc..Glass production process mainly includes: (1) raw material pretreatment. The massive raw materials are crushed to damp the raw materials, and the iron containing materials are treated with iron to ensure the quality of the glass. Preparation of batch. Melting system. The glass batch is heated in a bath or crucible furnace at high temperature to form a liquid glass which is uniform, free of bubbles and conforms to the molding requirements. Shaping. The processing of liquid glass into desired shapes, such as flat plates, various vessels, etc.. Heat treatment. Through annealing, quenching and other processes, to eliminate or produce glass internal stress, phase separation or crystallization, and change the state of glass structure.
