Iron is extracted from its oxide ores, primarily hematite, by reduction with carbon monoxide in a blast furnace: Fe2O3 + 3CO ---- 2Fe + 3CO2 iron(III) oxide + carbon monoxide ---- iron + carbon dioxide Magnetite, which has the formula Fe3O4, can also be used: Fe3O4 + 4CO ---- 3Fe + 4CO2 Iron(II, III) oxide + carbon monoxide ---- iron + carbon dioxide The carbon monoxide is produced by partial combustion of coke (made by heating coal). Limestone is added to tie up silica impurities in the ore as calcium silicates: ex. CaCO3 + SiO2 ---- CaSiO3 + CO2
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Hematite Chemical Formula
