I'm stripping paint from furniture and the can of stripper says to wear chemically resistant gloves. I was using kitchen gloves and I think they were doing okay but I felt a little tingly through them, but maybe that was just cold from the liquid evaporating from them? I also have latex gloves like doctors use, but I don't know how well that would work.
that is a backflow protector device it is used so hose water won't be sucked into the home's system if a tap is opened below it. If you notice the black thing on the top left in the picture it is a locking screw that is intended to break off when you are done tightening it effectively keeping you from ever removing it. You would need to drill out the remaining part of the old locking screw in order to remove the old one. it's probably easier to replace the entire hose bib, and put a new backflow device on the new bib