Carbon 60 related information
The 60 is the solid carbon black, graphite and diamond. In addition, in recent years, scientists have discovered that some exist in new form of elemental carbon, which is more important in 1985 found C60. C60 is a molecule made up of 60 carbon atoms, similar to football. At present, people have made great progress in the research of C60, and the application of C60 in superconductor, material science and other fields is deepening. In our country, great achievements have been made in this field. For example, the metal doped C60 superconductor has been successfully developed in collaboration with the Physics Institute of Peking University and the Chinese Academy of sciences. It can be said that the discovery of C60 is of great importance to the study of carbon chemistry and even the whole field of chemistry.
Discovery and structural features of carbon sixtyIn October 7, 1996, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences decided to award the 1996 Nobel prize for chemistry to Robert FCurl, Jr (USA), Harold WKroto (UK) and Richard ESmalley (USA) in recognition of their discovery of C60.In early September 1995, Rice University of Texas Smalley lab, Kroto etc. in order to form the process simulation of carbon clusters N near the red giant in the atmosphere, the laser gasification experiment of graphite. They found that there is a series formed by an even number of carbon atoms from the molecular mass spectra, which have a 20~25 times larger than the other peak peak, the peak corresponding to the quality of the number of molecules formed by 60 carbon atoms.What structure of C60 molecules can be stabilized? Layered graphite and diamond tetrahedral structure exists in the form of two kinds of stable carbon, when 60 carbon atoms arranged in any of them, there will be many dangling bonds, will be very lively, not showing the mass signal so stable. This shows that the C60 molecule has a completely different structure from graphite and diamond. Inspired by architect Buckminster Fuller composed of pentagons and hexagons dome building, Kroto thinks that C60 is composed of 60 spherical carbon atoms with 32 sides, i.e. 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons, so there is no double bond in C60 molecule.In C60 molecules, each carbon atom with three carbon atoms in SP2 hybrid orbitals and the adjacent connected, a hybrid P track did not participate in the remaining in the C60 shell periphery and the cavity formed spherical PI key, thus having aromatic. In honor of Fuller, they proposed the use of Buckminsterfullerene to name C60. Later, all the molecules containing even numbered carbon, including C60, were called Fuller, and the name was fullerene.
