Let's just assume I want a heat exchanger to remove 10,000 BTU/hr. Is there a calculation on how to find it's physical size. MOC is steel and the fluid in it is water.
Here are a couple of sites that addess heat exchanger design. The actual process of properly designing a heat exchanger involves many things including a great deal of experience. Just getting the overall heat transfer coefficient right is a major undertaking since theory and application can vary a great deal.