The control principle of stepping motor
The basic principle of stepping motorStepping motor, as an actuator, is one of the key products of mechatronics. It is widely used in various automatic control systems. With the development of micro electronics and computer technology, the requirement of stepping motor is increasing day by day, and it is applied in every national economic field.
Some basic parameters of stepping motor:Intrinsic step angle of motor:It represents a stepping signal of each control system and the angle of rotation of the motor. The factory motor gives a step angle value, such as 86BYG250A type motor is given a value of 0.9 DEG /1.8 DEG (said half step work for 0.9 degrees, the whole step was 1.8 degrees), this step can be called the "inherent motor step angle", it is not necessarily the work of actual motor when the real step angle, angle and drive about real.
Now more commonly used stepper motor, including reactive stepping motor (VR), permanent magnet stepper motor (PM), hybrid stepping motor (HB) and single-phase stepper motor.The permanent magnet stepper motor generally is two-phase, torque and small volume, the stepping angle is generally 7.5 degrees or 15 degrees;The reaction stepping motor is generally three-phase, and can achieve large torque output. The step angle is generally 1.5 degrees, but the noise and vibration are very large. The rotor magnetic path of the reaction stepping motor is made of soft magnetic material, and the stator is provided with a polyphase exciting winding, and the torque is generated by the change of the permeance.Hybrid stepping motors refer to the advantages of mixing permanent magnet and reactive type. It is divided into two phases and five phases: two phase stepping angle is generally 1.8 degrees, while the five phase stepping angle is generally 0.72 degrees. This stepper motor is the most widely used, but also the subdivision of the drive program used stepper motor.
Stepping motor is a kind of actuator that transforms electric pulse into angular displacement. When the stepper driver receives a pulse signal, it drives stepper motor to set the direction of rotation of a fixed angle (called "step"), it is the rotation of the fixed point of the operation step by step. Number of pulses can be controlled by controlling the angular displacement, so as to achieve the purpose of accurate positioning; at the same time by controlling the pulse frequency to control the motor rotation speed and acceleration, so as to achieve the purpose of speed. Stepper motor can be used as a special motor for control. It is widely used in all kinds of open-loop control without the accumulation of error (accuracy 100%).
