However, magnesium (Mg) is found to have a higher first ionization energy value than aluminum (Al)Explain this exception to the general trend in terms of electron arrangements and attraction/repulsion.
Yes Ma i have been there and its beauty is breath takingOh no your hosts were glad that you got to see that beauty and that you loved every minute of itJust seeing new places are entertaining enough for meWonderful writeGlad you are enjoying this time away.
I love travel and your poem makes me ache, makes me wanna break the tiring routine of lifeIt is a passion for me and my wife to be with deer and elephants, to enter temples, skyscrapers and cathedrals, to visit museums, learn a phrase or two of another language, and to taste new food.
Glad you all had such a good timeMy wish is to go to the Mid-West and visit with good friendsI have never seen the prairie, though I have been to deserts, to mountains, to swamps and to great cities in Europe, South, Central and North America and to the great deserts and cities of IsraelAnd I long to see a small hamlet whose name I had never heard some three years ago.
entertained.I think you were majust being with friends, a walk and life, sometimes needs no talk or song and dance, comfort and ease is all that is needed to pleaseI know you were delighted
ya!!! this's even true for Be B The outer electron is removed more easily from these atoms than the general trend in their period would suggestBe1s2 2s2 1st I.E 900 kJ mol-1 B1s2 2s2 2px11st I.E 799 kJ mol-1 You might expect the boron value to be more than the beryllium value because of the extra protonOffsetting that is the fact that boron's outer electron is in a 2p orbital rather than a 2s2p orbitals have a slightly higher energy than the 2s orbital, and the electron is, on average, to be found further from the nucleusThis has two effectsThe increased distance results in a reduced attraction and so a reduced ionisation energyThe 2p orbital is screened not only by the 1s2 electrons but, to some extent, by the 2s2 electrons as wellThat also reduces the pull from the nucleus and so lowers the ionisation energyThe explanation for the drop between magnesium and aluminium is the same, except that everything is happening at the 3-level rather than the 2-levelMg1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 1st I.E 736 kJ mol-1 Al1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3px11st I.E 577 kJ mol-1 The 3p electron in aluminium is slightly more distant from the nucleus than the 3s, and partially screened by the 3s2 electrons as well as the inner electronsBoth of these factors offset the effect of the extra protoncheers !!!
