Pure aluminum is composed of aluminum alone, with a high degree of purity, typically over 99%. It is soft, malleable, and has good thermal and electrical conductivity. Aluminum alloys, on the other hand, are made by combining aluminum with other elements such as copper, magnesium, or silicon to enhance their strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion. These alloys are harder than pure aluminum and can be tailored for specific applications, making them more versatile for industrial use.