can i put a 22550R17 tire on my Mazda 6 i with 21550R17 tire
I would stick with what is recommended for the car. That's what I've done with my 6i. For the best performance and safety reasons I wouldn't deviate from what is recommended for the car.
Yes. Google tyre stretching.
Tyre stretching is irrelevant in this case, so it's a waste of time reading about it. The first answer is correct. The side wall will also be slightly higher, as it's a percentage not a fixed value.