An AC motor is supposed to be a constant power motor. Suppose it is running a constant torque load at a particular speed. Suppose now the voltage is reduced, which should cause it to settle down at a lower speed supplying the same torque as per the new torque speed characteristic. Consider the electrical side. Higher slip will cause more current to be drawn that too at higher pf, which should maintain the power justifying the above theory. But on the mechanical side the new output power Torque x speed is supposed to be lesser now as speed is less now. Could anyone explain this contradiction?
An AC motor is more a constant speed motor, tied nominally to the mains frequency. The slip induced by the load increases the current drawn the force generated. Lowering the voltage will increase the slip current until a new equilibrium is reached. That is why a brownout is BAD for AC motors as they quickly overheat
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The speed of an induction motor is almost independent of the torque, and in a synchronous motor it is totally independent of torque. So if a motor is loaded at a constant torque and the voltage changes the power remains almost the same and the current goes up. This means the motor acts like a constant power machine under these conditions.
