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The principle of an air compressor for connecting two pistons

The principle of an air compressor for connecting two pistons

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Piston type air compressor is composed of 1 Basic exhaust valve of the compressor 2 - 3 - 4 - cylinder piston piston rod 5 - 6 - 7 - crank slider linkage 8 - suction valve 9 - valve spring this structure the total residual volume in the exhaust process at the end. During the next suction, the compressed air in the remaining volume will expand, thereby reducing the suction air volume, reducing the efficiency and increasing the compression work. And when the compression ratio increases, the temperature rises sharply due to the existence of residual volume.
Therefore, when the output pressure is higher, the grading compression shall be adopted. The fractional compression can reduce the exhaust temperature, save the compression work, increase the volumetric efficiency, and increase the exhaust volume of compressed gases. One is a single-stage piston compressor, which is often used in systems requiring 0.3 - 0.7MPa pressure range. If the pressure of single stage piston compressor exceeds 0.6MPa, the performance indexes will decline sharply, so multi-stage compression is often adopted to increase the output pressure.
There are several forms of contact, often in several forms: piston compressors, the most common and the most frequently used type of reciprocating compressor, whose pistons direct contact with gases. Seal the compressed gas by the piston ring. In pneumatic transmission, a displacement piston compressor is usually used. Two typical structures are introduced here to help understand the working principle of air compressors. Figure 3.33 (animation) and figure 3.34 (animation) respectively gives the working principle of vertical and horizontal air compressor. The center line of the vertical air compressor is perpendicular to the ground, and the center line of the cylinder of the horizontal air compressor is parallel to the ground. The rotational motion of a prime mover (an electric motor or an internal-combustion engine) is converted into reciprocating rectilinear motion of a piston by a crank link mechanism.
In order to improve efficiency and reduce air temperature, intermediate cooling is needed. As the piston type air compressor air compressed by two stage low pressure cylinder pressure from p 1 to p 2, T l to T temperature by 2; and then flows into the middle cooler, at constant pressure of cooling water heat, the temperature is T L; the high pressure cylinder compression pressure to 3 P. As can be seen from the diagram, the air temperature T, l and T 2 entering the low pressure cylinder and the high pressure cylinder are located on the same isotherm 12 '3', and the two compression processes deviate from the isotherms. The same compression ratio p 3 / P 1 single stage compression process is 123 ", which is much higher than the two stage compression deviation from isothermal 12 '3', that is, the temperature is much higher. And the single stage compression work is equivalent to the area of 613 "46", and the two stage compression work is equivalent to the sum of 61256 and 52 '345 in the figure, and the work saved is equivalent to 2' 23 '32'. It can be seen that the staged compression can reduce the exhaust temperature, save compression work and improve efficiency.

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