How to prevent damage to human body by nuclear radiation?
For when the wavelength of ultraviolet radiation, shorten the ability through the cornea is also reduced, but the absorption rate was significantly increased, 370nm, through the rate of 90%; 330nm 80%; 305nm 50%, 300nm 25%, 290nm is only 2% of the ultraviolet light through the cornea into the eye, the other half of 98% for corneal epithelial absorption, half for corneal stromal absorption. If the wavelength continues to fall to 230nm, then about 97.3% is absorbed by the epithelium and almost does not enter the eye.
When the wavelength is above 3000Nm, the cornea can be absorbed completely. The infrared light below 3000Nm will change the transmittance. For example, at 2300nm, the transmittance is 25%, 1650nm is 65%, 1200nm is 80%, and 1000nm is 100%. These infrared rays passing through the cornea can be absorbed by house water if the wavelength is 2700nm; if the wavelength is 2300nm, most of them will be absorbed by the crystal; when the wavelength is 1600nm, all of them will be absorbed by the vitreous body. The crystal is a very active absorbing tissue, its transmittance varies with age and the extent of crystalline sclerosis, and its absorption rate is related to the content of the protein in the crystal. In short, for the eye, can be more than 500nm infrared refractive medium absorption, lower than the wavelength, refractive interstitial absorption is reduced, most will be the iris and retinal pigment absorption into heat. The damage of the infrared rays to the eyes is mainly caused by high temperature, which leads to the coagulation of corneal proteins and the local opacity of the lens, causing cataracts". Cataract is commonly seen in glass workers and blast furnace workers, and the incidence rate of domestic reports is from 0.93% to 7%.
The electromagnetic radiation line is divided into ionizing radiation line and non ionizing radiation line.1, ionizing radiation is caused by ultraviolet rays, (far), X (composed of rays and cosmic ray wavelength becomes shorter, more and more energy, different depth, through the organization of biological effects produced within the organization, make the material produce ionization.2. Non ionizing radiation consists of near ultraviolet ray, visible light, near infrared ray, microwave and so on. Longer wavelength and lower energy, photochemical effect or thermal effect is produced in the tissue, which does not ionize the material.
Ultraviolet eye damage is mainly caused by short wave (far) ultraviolet light. Generally speaking, when the ultraviolet wavelength is 280nm, the corneal damage is the biggest, while the wavelength is more than 310nm or 254nm, and its function is relatively reduced. The literature pointed out that the most effective on corneal wavelength is 288nm, and the best absorption rate of corneal epithelium is 265nm, the absorption wavelength of nuclear proteins, indicating no corneal nuclear reaction is not due to nuclear protein absorption, but due to the selective cytoplasmic globulin and albumin induced absorption. Thus, the ultraviolet light applied to the cornea is far below the wavelength of 320nm (short wave) ultraviolet light. Ophthalmia is exposed to UV results, is the most common occupation disease. The early symptoms of pain, photophobia, blepharospasm, tears, light eyes, illness, eye examination found congestion, flushing, a diffuse corneal punctate opacity, fluorescein staining, corneal sensation, pupil spastic narrowing.
